The magic of research… and chance…

Agave americana, Tostat, July 2018

I probably spend more time looking at and researching plants than I do buying them, planting, propagating them or gardening with them- if I am honest. I was reminded of this on reading the latest instalment of Dan Pearson’s blog about creating his new sand garden at his home. Some gardeners who write have a very florid style, maybe in my own small way I do! But Dan Pearson is a thoughtful, honest and very straightforward blog writer, whose intention, it seems to me, is to convey the whole truth about the way that he gardens and why. I love the calmness of it, and the acceptance that knowledge is no guarantee of perfection. Once a plant is taken into our world, we can’t know exactly how it will react or behave. We take knowlege on trust, but there is always chance- and risk, not neccessarily in balance either.

But it is still worth developing knowledge and learning from experience and the stories of other gardeners. Very much so. What helps me is watching what happens and deciding if intervention is needed – or not. Sometimes time is all that’s needed. Take my Agave americana in the front garden, on the stony, garrigue-inspired slope. It is a baby of my original Agave in Tostat, given by a friend in the Languedoc. So, I planted it only 3 years ago, and already it is more than 1.5m tall and wide, with several offspring plants nestling nearby. It clearly likes it. I have done nothing except watch and wait.

Daughter Agave and daughters, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

It’s the same story with my groundcover planting of Achillea crithmifolia. Three years ago, planting out my still baby Koelreuteria paniculata ‘Coral Sun’ and not far away, a new baby Rosa x odorata ‘Mutabilis’, I wanted to protect them from the miles of marauding bramble and bindweed that we were attacking with vigour. Reading about the use of allelopathic plants, those that secrete substances that deter other competing plants, I picked Achillea crithmifolia as low growing, aromatic, feathery foliage plant that does brilliantly in tough conditions. I had tried it out in Tostat in a limited area,a nd had been impressed, as well as liking the Achillea as a plant in its own right. I think I started off with eight plants in a ring round the rose and the tree. Three years later, you can see how well it has gently carpetted the area, giving the tree and the rose room to grow.

Achillea crithmifolia, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

It also has spread considerably, which I am really enjoying, though that might be a drawback to consider if you have limited space. The Achillea doesn’t seem to bother the lovely floppy velvety leaves of Stachys byzantina ‘Big Ears’ either. It is not widely available in the UK, but is really worth a try. Dan Pearson is doing the same with it in his new garden, see the blog article above.

Stachys byzantina ‘Big Ears’ and Achillea crithmifolia cohabiting nicely, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

Some plants love where they have been planted so miuch that they really go mad. This would be true of what I bought as a charming, small leaved Phlomis, Phlomis lanata ‘Pygmy’. The clue was in the name, I thought, and so it was for the first 2 years, a very sweet little hummock of Phlomis. It is still very sweet, but is breaking the 1m barrier in every direction and shows no sign of slowing down.

Phlomis lanata ‘Pygmy’, not so much a pygmy, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

Our conditions can be quite harsh, hot sun, little rain for long periods and damp, even wet winters into Spring. I had taken three small cuttings of Hydrangea quercifolia from the Tostat garden, and they have been slow to get going, with not much happening for the first two years. But they are clearly well rooted in now to our stony soil, and this year looks to be the making of them. I love them even more for the effort.

Hydrangea quercifolia, 3 yr old cutting from Tostat, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

In the Barn Garden, another plant that I have watched and waited for is Fatsia polycarpa ‘Green Fingers’. It was a newish introduction so there wasn’t a lot of information about it three years ago. And it did struggle getting into the shady, poor soil spot that I had put it in. But, three years on, this has been the year when it has turbo charged itself, and is now taller than the companion Mahonia with very cumbersome name, Mahonia eurybracteata subsp. ganpinensis ‘Soft Caress’ next to it. It has a wonderful form, with tiers of arching, jazz hands leaves in a good green.
Fatsia polycarpa ‘Green Fingers’ and Mahonia ‘Soft Caress’, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

I tried to buy another ‘Green Fingers’ last year but couldn’t find one, so went for the more usual variety, ‘Spider’s Web’. This is in a worse spot soil-wise, but a better spot light-wise, and seems to have gone for the big spread look in one year only. I quite like that it’s not too creamy at the edges.

Fatsia japonica ‘Spiders Web’, Oloron Sainte Marie, November 2023

Now this is a vital stone. Last winter I noticed that a low branch of Mahonia ‘Soft Caress’ was brushing the ground, so just thought I would have a go at getting that branch to root by weighing it down with a stone. Nine months later, the Assistant Gardener went home with a rooted cutting which should make a bonny plant in a few more months. So I am having another go with the vital stone.

Time, chance and a bit of knowledge combined.

The vital stone….

Playing about in Handyside Gardens…

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Meet the snakepit, Handyside Gardens, Kings Cross, London, February 2018

The other Dan Pearson project that I was keen to see in a cold London was the small, but perfectly formed, Handyside Gardens, complete with play park, which slithers between new buildings at Kings Cross to make great use of a little ribbon of land.  I have borrowed 2 photographs from Dan Pearsons own site to show what I mean, thank you Dan Pearson Studio.

Handyside 1

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Handyside Gardens, aerial view at the opening, November 5th 2013 photo credit for both images: http://www.danpearsonstudio.com

All of the planting that was up looked in great shape, especially the flowering Cornus mas hedges which thread their way through the beds and playpark.  The bright yellow open pompoms were very welcome on a cold and wintry day.

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Flowering Cornus mas, Handyside Gardens, Kings Cross, February 2018

There was fun to be had- and not only from the snake sandpit, which I loved.  Pretending to be four years old, I climbed up the slide steps to get a bit of a view, nothing quite as aerial as the Dan Pearson photographs though.

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The swings, the pergola tunnel, and, just, the snake sandpit, rocks for climbing and jumping, soft surface and planting, Handyside Gardens, February 2018

The site sits on top of Underground tunnels and so soil depth was an issue.  Raising the planting up in parts of the site, using warm coppery Corten to make raised beds, also created lots of impromptu seating possibilities, especially near the play equipment.

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The big, bold, pergola tunnel wraps around the circular play area with the sandpit, Handyside Gardens, February 2018

I loved this massive, hefty pergola, underplanted with grasses and, in summer, probably a great play thicket as well as an adult pleasure.

From the aerial photographs, you can see the sinuous, elongated tear-shapes of the beds, which reminded me of the great John Brookes, whose sinuous Modernist design for Bryanston Square, didn’t survive the return of the traditionalists.  The design drawings for this simply beautiful design can be seen in the current Garden Museum exhibition on John Brookes, a man who speaks such clear sense about design.

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John Brookes’ sinuous design for Bryanston Square, London 1965 photo credit: http://www.pinterest.com

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Raised Corten steel beds, seating, and half a small water rill, spring planting just coming through, Handyside Gardens, February 2018

Two halves of a sweeping water rill bring you towards the canal end of the Gardens, with winter planting of the stunning Bergenia purpurescens ‘Irish Crimson’ and flowering Hamemelis.  No scent, as I think it really was too cold to be able to smell anything.

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Flowering Hamamelis, not sure which, Handyside Gardens, February 2018

But that Bergenia….well, an outrageous and simply brilliant beetroot red in the little bit of sunshine that broke through.  This variety came from the Irish botanical garden at Glasnevin, was tended and raised by the great Irish gardener, Helen Dillon, who then gave it to the great Beth Chatto, and from the Chatto Nursery, it has made its way into the trade, though it is not yet widely available.  Gorgeous, and who needs flowers?

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Bergenia purpurescens ‘Irish Crimson’, Handyside Gardens, February 2018

The underplanting that had already made it out was doing a very good job, and none better than Helleborus orientalis.  Flowering starts with me around late December, continues right through to late March, and, as the plants warm up, so the flowerheads rise up on growing stalks, so that the look of the planting in early March is quite different from early January.  And the foliage lasts, with a faintly jungly look about it, pretty much right through the rest of the year.  It’s a bargain.

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Hellebores do underplanting so well, Handyside Gardens, February 2018

Race you to the snake…

 

 

 

 

In search of Dan and Christopher…

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Lime-green fresh new growth on Melianthus major, the Cloister Garden, Garden Museum, London, February 2018

I have followed Dan Pearson and his career from being a handsome, alternative television gardener way back, to now, at the age of fifty or so, having become the master of peaceful, thoughtful gardens, respectful of their place and situation with choice species planting as his speciality.  In his writing he has honed an almost zen-like long range perspective on how gardens live and evolve side by side with their human carers.

In a very cold and wintry London, I made two small sorties to see his work close up.  More than six years ago, I used to enjoy visiting the Garden Museum, and especially, the café, which, managed by several warm and serious women cooks, made great teas, coffees, baking and lunches to enjoy in the tiny graveyard that was tucked away at the back of the old converted church.  Since then, the Musuem has undergone a transformation.  With no public funding, it has still managed a skilful rehabilitation of the church while Dan Pearson and Christopher Bradley-Hole have brought alive the new Cloister Garden and the entrance/wrap-around garden respectively.

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The Cloister Garden, the Garden Museum, London, February 2018

 

Winter exposes all, and the Garden is not yet a mature planting.  But, the bananas and the astonishing new growth on the Melianthus major, the upright spikes of Equisetum, and the cheery red Nandina domestica berries provided much more focus than you would imagine.  The underplanting, a lovely mix of Ophiopogon, ferns and not-yet emerged perennials, was only just on the move, but will make a really lush carpet through which the ‘Garden of Treasures’ will appear.  I really enjoyed the use of ancient gravestones, set into the planting, often askew, which will allow you to get up quite close and intimate with the planting.  They also remind you, as does the presence of the decorated tombs of the two John Tradescants, father and son, probably England’s first botanical collectors, of the vivid past and people of this small parish in Lambeth.  Give it all a year or two more, and this little garden will beautifully evoke the Victorian Wardian case that inspired Dan Pearson.

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Nandina domestica, the Cloister Garden, Garden Museum, London, February 2018

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The use of stones to ‘bring you’ into the planting, Dan Pearson’s garden at Chelsea 2015

Christopher Bradley-Hole is another designer who seems almost modest in his search for a simple aesthetic which favours harmony and purpose, rather than decoration.  I thought his 2013 Chelsea garden was a stand-out, though it seemed unassuming in comparison with some of the richesse on display in other gardens.

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Christopher Bradley-Hole, Chelsea 2013

He has opened up the entrance of the Garden Museum with sweeping yew hedges which embrace and create a generous curved and gravelled courtyard space, simply opening up the ancient church buildings to their Museum function.  Using the existing flat and standing tombstones, he has planted amongst them, using a mix of ferns, perennials and grasses to populate these tiny spaces.  This makes little rivers of mixed planting around the stones, bringing them into focus and linking with the use of stones in the Cloister Garden.  There is no bling- and a real economy of focus.

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Christopher Bradley-Hole, entrance to the Garden Musuem, London, February 2018

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Standing clumps of white hellebores and the bright red stems of Cornus, Garden Museum, London, February 2018

The planting towards the boundaries of the Entrance Garden links to the small public space nearby of St Mary’s Gardens, a very tiny smile-shaped area between the Museum and the busy traffic of Lambeth Palace Road.  Bright red Cornus stems spear upwards, maybe ‘Midwinter Fire’ but could be the species Sanguinea, surrounded by clumps of tall Hellebores and bulbs, ferns with probably hardy geraniums to come.  Simple, semi-shade loving with the tall tree canopy to contend with, and very lovely.

 

 

Along the GR10 from Germ for a stroll…

As part of the festivities described earlier, a group of 16 of us also spent a couple of nights at the fabulous Centre de Montagne at Germ. Probably best described as ‘hostel-plus’, the Centre de Montagne has scored a tremendous hit with the opening of ‘Chez Lily’ their bistro and bar just beneath the Centre. This transforms the atmosphere with its quirky tapas and meals menus, great wine and concerts/music throughout the year, and such nice people run it. What a delight.

GR10 group, July 2015
GR10 group, July 2015

However, despite the attractions of the bistro, we did tear ourselves away and stroll along the GR10 on a very misty, cool day rather reminsicent of Scotland- which was actually a lovely, refreshing change from the heat and sun of previous days. The GR10 was filled with interesting plants revelling in the moistness of the day. Dianthus plumarius, the wild dianthus of the Pyrenees, was flowering everywhere, very pretty, with pink/lilac fringed flowers.  For more information about the garden variety, click here.

Dianthus plumarius, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Dianthus plumarius, GR10 Germ, July 2015

The pyramid orchid, Anacamptis pyramidalis, could also be seen- not numerous, but in one or two small drifts close to the path.

Anacamptis pyramidalis, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Anacamptis pyramidalis, GR10 Germ, July 2015

And this was a magnificent clump of pink thistles, quite different from the regular variety, which was everywhere. I have tried to identify it from the web, and so this may or may not be Carduus deforatus…

Carduus deforatus, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Carduus deforatus, GR10 Germ, July 2015

And, of course, the magnificent blue of the wild Eryngium bourgatii.  There is a spectacular cultivated variety called ‘Picos Blue’ which I have always lusted after…

Eryngium bourgatii, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Eryngium bourgatii, GR10 Germ, July 2015

Everywhere, like so many discarded paper tissues, were the nests of the funnel spider, apparently native to Andalucia, and maybe turning up on the French side from imported olive trees.  The spider waits in the funnel for its prey, and is difficult to see.

Funnel spider in web, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Funnel spider in web, GR10 Germ, July 2015

At one point, we passed a spot where, quite naturally, a group of sempervivums and grasses had populated themselves into a rockery display that Dan Pearson would have been proud of….I think, again from the net, that they were Sempervivum montanum, with the yellowing indicating the level of stress the plants were suffering due to the heat and very dry conditions of the past few weeks.

Sempervivum montanum, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Sempervivum montanum, GR10 Germ, July 2015

Sempervivum montanum, GR10 Germ, July 2015
Sempervivum montanum, GR10 Germ, July 2015

Chelsea 2015: when white isn’t always right….

This year at Chelsea, I found myself being more critical than usual. Probably not a bad thing, maturing into an ‘Occasionally Crotchety Gardener’ perhaps, and perhaps also it was watching ‘The Great Chelsea Garden Challenge’ and realising, durr, that judging is about delivering the brief- and that can be all it is about. So, I was interested to see at Chelsea two gardens that used a vast amount of white as a backdrop, and wanted to compare how that worked.

Fernando Gonzalez for the Pure Land Foundation, Chelsea 2015.
Fernando Gonzalez for the Pure Land Foundation, Chelsea 2015.

This garden was really an artwork in disguise.  In this garden for the Pure Land Foundation, Fernando Gonzalez used this extraordinary, light, glistening Jesmonite in generous wave forms which embraced the planting. It also had the magical effect of heightening the detail, providing beautiful silhouettes of the plant forms against the white. I have always been a sucker for a multi-stemmed tree, and these Koelreuteria paniculata were especially elegant. The planting was fresh and vibrant with blues, oranges, apricots, yellows and it managed to be both light and airy. It was also, by comparison with other gardens, planted quite sparely, but with real finesse in the way he used the nooks and crannies of the waveforms. I thought it was fabulous and far classier than it’s silver-gilt award.

Planting detail, Fernando Gonzales, Chelsea 2015
Planting detail, Fernando Gonzales, Chelsea 2015

The other garden that used white on a grand scale was the ‘Beauty of Islam’ garden by Kamelia Bin Zaal on Main Avenue. I thought she had made a good choice to work on the diagonal, and to make the most of her arches and opportunities for views into the garden from many angles. But for me, the white was toothpaste-white, and too reminiscent of an airport departure lounge, while the arches were just too small, making the garden feel as if a big hand had squashed it, with the exception of a tall palm in the top left hand corner.  And the planting was dull.  The design choice to stick with herbs, palms, and one or two roses that were too cold to flower, poor things, was not a brave one. Compare what Bin Zaal achieved with the power and vibrancy of the Gonzales planting above- no contest in my view. Next year, the Arab Institute in Paris is planning a major exhibition on Islamic gardens- so I will be there then.  Perhaps September? Dates not yet announced.

Bin Zaal garden, Chelsea 2015
Bin Zaal garden, Chelsea 2015

Bin Zaal planting detail, Chelsea 2015
Bin Zaal planting detail, Chelsea 2015

And here are some of the little details that I loved at Chelsea this year…First example is an entire garden, ‘The Evaders Garden’ by John Everiss for Chorley Council– here an escaping airman crouches by a ruined church, waiting for help from the people whose names are engraved on the church walls.  A moving garden with details recalling the real bravery of those experiences.

John Everiss for Chorley Council, Chelsea 2015.
John Everiss for Chorley Council, Chelsea 2015.

The following photograph doesn’t quite capture the glow of this planting. I loved the square shapes of the Telegraph Garden by Marcus Barnett,  and particularly liked the short and tall yellow combination.

The yellow block, Marcus Barnett for the Telegraph, Chelsea 2015
The yellow block, Marcus Barnett for the Telegraph, Chelsea 2015

In between the incredible rocks and the immaculate detail of the planting, Dan Pearson still found space for some shaped green, see left in the photograph. His garden had it all, scale, detail, colour and a design that really made the most of the triangular plot. I also really liked the wooden landings which projected into the garden as below.

Dan Pearson, Best in Show, Chelsea 2015
Dan Pearson, Best in Show, Chelsea 2015

And these lovely little nasturtiums in the Main Avenue garden of Sean Murray, the winner of the TV ‘The Great Chelsea Garden Challenge’- there was much to be admired in his debut.  Just could have done without the tin can doughnut sculpture….

Sean Murray, Chelsea 2015
Sean Murray, Chelsea 2015

Ranunculus, ranunculi…

Last summer, I had a real treat, courtesy of ‘Abebooks’.  Abebooks is a brilliant site for secondhand books, and is my first port of call when I want to buy anything that isn’t hot off the press.  I bought 2 Dan Pearson books and really enjoyed them both. In ‘Home Ground: Sanctuary in the City’ there was a short piece on Ranunculus ficaria ‘Brazen Hussy’. I love the ordinary celandine, Ranunculus ficaria, and there is a spot in the garden, normally hard-baked in the summer, which is positively wet in the spring. We get a lot of rain late winter and in the spring, and there is a dip in the ground where water collects and also, probably because of a kink in the old roof, rain comes down from the roof in a spout. So it is really damp, and the native celandines pop up in a matter of weeks ít seems.

Dan Pearson caught my attention with ‘Brazen Hussy’. A great name for a sport spotted by Christopher Lloyd in his garden at Great Dixter, and being a man for bold names, ‘Brazen Hussy’ was what he chose.

Ranunculus ficaria 'Brazen Hussy' Feb 2015
Ranunculus ficaria ‘Brazen Hussy’ Feb 2015

Ranunculus ficaria Feb 2015
Ranunculus ficaria Feb 2015

So there they both are.  ‘Brazen Hussy’ is a dark bronze-leaved variety with glowing yellow petals and quite big flowers- the yellow is almost blinding and for a small plant, it really packs a punch.  I could only find this at a couple of French online nurseries at a serious price, so I bought just three small plants last autumn, and dug them in near to the house, so I wouldn’t have to go hunting for them. For a lot of the winter, they looked very soggy and unprepossessing, and then, despite our biblical rain, they responded immediately to the lengthening light in February and I could see buds forming. So the picture above is of the very first flower and you can see the number of buds still in the wings.  I know from Dan that they die down after flowering, but continue powering away at the root level, so I am planning to move a good plant of Cenolophium denudatum that I grew from seed to grow up and over them.  It will be slow to start up in the late spring, and so they will suit one another very well hopefully. I have to admit that I found a good price for ‘Brazen Hussy’ at a Belgian nursery online, so there are three more small plants on their way to help make more of a clump of them together.  I really love them.  It’s a small price for abundant cheerfulness despite the weather.

PS I forgot to mention ‘Louis the Geek’.  He writes a great blog and I am signing up for it. His piece on ‘Brazen Hussy’ is here.